MGMT 483 U5 IP IDP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGMT 483 U5 IP IDP - Research Paper Example The first step in creating IDPs involves a rigorous brainstorming exercise that identifies the level of excellence in one’s current career, and consultation with one’s supervisor for effective guidance. Brainstorming should highlight the areas that exhibit poor performance, and potential ways of improvement. An individual should also consider the available opportunities that if utilized can help in personal development. Such opportunities include, but are not limited to available training and empowerment programs within the workplace. It is critical to highlight opportunities of formal education, such as further education that an individual registers interest in. After brainstorming, one should organize the ideas into goals, according to priorities (Jacobson, 2014). The most critical aspect of the creation of IDPs is the definition of strong goals. They should be specific, measurable, relevant, within an attainable reach, and bound by timelines. For example, one would h ighlight acquiring additional management skills through attending seminars in the next three months. The defined goals should conform to organizational objectives, and should highlight the required competencies, resources and time. An individual should also identify the available options for development, which may range from formal education, experiential learning, lessons from a coach or mentor and participation in group projects (Falcone, 2011). After the creation of an IDP, an individual should present it to the supervisor or mentor for final refining. An effective evaluation framework for assessing the success of the individual in the sectors highlighted should be developed. Evaluation seeks to establish whether IDPs presented any impact on the level of performance of the individual in the career, and other aspects of personal development. The evaluator should assess each aspect highlighted in the IDP, since all

American revolution Essay Example for Free

American revolution Essay Title The American Revolution was a political upheaval that took place between 1765 and 1783 during which rebel colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy, overthrew the authority of Great Britain, and founded the United States of America. This was the first time a colony had rebelled and successfully asserted its rights to self-government and nationhood. This inspired many European nations and colonies to revolt. For the longest time, I have been led to believe that the American Revolution was the most glorious war of all American time period. However, at the consummation of American Revolution unit, my perception of the war had drastically altered. Not everyone wanted to fight; in fact, it was mostly the upper class trying to persuade the lower class to fight while the elite could buy their way out. According to Give me liberty book charpter 5, historian Foner thought Americna Revolution is a revolution about independence and freedom for maybe all of the races and classes of America. Most Americans understand the history of their freedom in an uncomplicated way: the Founding Fathers laid down principles of American liberty that their descendants have been applying ever since, steadily augmenting the happiness and value of life to all people of all colors everywhere, as Abraham Lincoln said. Eric Foner disagrees. The story of American freedom, he says, is not simply a saga of a fixed set of rights to which one group after another has gained access, but a tale of debates, disagreements and struggles with lots of bumps and wrong turns along the way. Moreover, American freedom itself is not a single idea but a complex of values that have changed over time, taking on meanings unknown to Jefferson and his contemporaries. Yet freedom, he says, provides a unifying thread for our national experience. Also Foner explains some of the ways in which the Revolution was a turning point for American slavery: The war created new opportunities for slaves to become free. American revolution definitely a representative event of seeking freedom and independence in all period of American history. But other historian or  people might question it, is that a truly revolution for all of Amerian? In other word, is this celebrated revolution considered entirely the right and profit as it claimed? Compares to Foners i dea of American revolution, historian Howard Zinn published article The untold truths about American Revolution , which he thinks American Revolution is not truly revolutionary and â€Å"This is a good cause† to independence from England and let people immediately jump to deserves a war.† He thinks that the revolution it was run not by the farmers but by the Founding Fathers. The farmers were rather poor; the Founding Fathers were rather rich. So over all of his tendentious opinion in this article, he thinks ths revolution is not benifit for all of races or classes. As he said when you look at the American Revolution, there’s a fact that you have to take into consideration. Indians—no, Indians didn’t benefit. , Did blacks benefit from the American Revolution? Slavery was there before. Slavery was there after. Not only that, we wrote slavery into the Constitution. We legitimized it. All of this opinion pointed out the one conclusion The American Revolution was not a simple affair of all of us against all of them. And not everyone thought they would benefit from the Revolution. And he also quotes a Carl Degler in the â€Å"A Kind of Revolution† of his book A People’s History of the United States: No new social class came to power through the door of the American Revolution. The men who engineered the revolt were largely m embers of the colonial ruling class. George Washington was the richest man in America. John Hancock was a prosperous Boston merchant. Benjamin Franklin was a wealthy printer. And so on. According his article and his opinion so we can say it that the American Revolution is not truly revolutionary at least for me because there is not everyone was benfited from the war and the result of the revolution didnt consider all races and classes as they claimed. Following the conclusion of the Revolution, no new social classes were formed: not even the smallest fraction of the poor became wealthy, and there was not even the slightest bit of social reform—the conditions that existed prior to the war were reinstated after the war. After all this is what the wealthy wanted. The members of the upper class threw around words like â€Å"liberty and equality† in order to excite the lower class just enough so that they would fight in a war. Furthermore, according to Zinn, the members of the upper class wanted to accomplish this  Ã¢â‚¬Å"without ending either slavery or inequality† because if either of those two things ceased to exist, then the upper class would lose its wealth and its power—two things that were very much valued by the establishment and elite. Moreover, both before and after the said â€Å"American Revolution,† the wealthy—the top five percent or so of the nation—ruled the other ninety percent of the people. Edmund S. Morgan states in his book The Birth of the Republic that â€Å"The Constitution†¦represented a reaction†¦engineered by the rich and well-born,† Not only the upper class people ruled the war, but also the non-power class didnt have any change after the revolution comparesto what they thought before. After studying the American Revolution I have recognized the significant evidence supporting the view that the American Revolution was not a truly revolution at all because the rich remained rich, the poor remained poor, the government remained in favor of those with more wealth, and those in power remained in power.

Diabetes :: essays research papers

DIABETES In 1921, Canadian researchers isolated insulin from dog pancreases and discovered that the hormone is essential to controlling blood sugar. Given by injection, insulin reversed wasting in diabetic children and extended their lives. Dramatic as its effects are, however, insulin isn't a cure for diabetes. People with the disorder must monitor their blood sugar closely and take insulin injections to reduce the risk of nerve damage and heart, kidney, and eye disease. In a small percentage of these people, insulin injections fail to keep blood-sugar concentrations from fluctuating wildly. Scientists and patients agree that the ideal diabetes treatment would control patients' blood-sugar concentrations without requiring them to take insulin. One long-sought option is transplantation of pancreatic cell clusters, called islets, that make insulin. Though the approach is simple, it has succeeded in only a small fraction of the attempts. This year, however, a Canadian team announced 11 consecutive successes--islet transplants that permitted the recipients to stop taking insulin. Although there are still questions about the long-term safety and efficacy of this treatment, there's a sense of excitement among researchers. In Toronto at the June meeting of the Endocrine Society, David M. Harlan of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda noted, "Islet-cell transplantation, which has long been promising, appears poised to fulfill its promise." Affecting 1 million people in the United States, type I diabetes arises when a patient's immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. While a pancreas transplant effectively cures the diabetes in most cases, the procedure is difficult and expensive and few donor pancreases are available. Physicians can transplant just the insulin-producing cells in a less taxing process that doesn't require major surgery. For the past 25 years, they've tested procedures in which they inject the cells into the major blood vessel flowing to the liver. The cells can take up residence there. After the procedure, patients must take immunosuppressive drugs. Overall, just 8 percent of people given islet-cell transplants have improved their ability to control blood-sugar concentration enough to stop taking insulin. They concerns and problems that they have been dealing with in the past are those of the transplant wiping out your immune system or even blowing your diabetes out of proportion and making the diabetic very sick. The case with the immune system wiping out would have the same similarities as someone with the disease, AIDS. This is the first study that allows the diabetic the ability to not be on insulin and not have to take pills to help the immune system.

Importance of Setting in A Rose for Emily :: A Rose for Emily, William Faulkner

Importance of Setting in A Rose for Emily In William Faulkner's "A Rose for Emily," Faulkner's details about setting and atmosphere give the reader background as to the values and beliefs of the characters, helping the reader to understand the motivations, actions and reactions of Miss Emily and the rest of the town, and changing the mood or tone in the story. The setting in "A Rose for Emily" is Faulkner's fictitious post- civil war Jefferson, a small town in the deep south of the United States. Faulkner's use of this particular time-period or genre, is successful in giving the reader an understanding or background to the values and beliefs of the characters in the story. The town of Jefferson is a fallen legacy. The hierarchical regime of the Griersons and the class system of the time where by ordinance of the mayor- Colonel Sartoris, a Negro women could not even walk the street without an apron, had changed into a place where even the street on which Miss Emily lived, that had once been the most select, had now been encroached and obliterated, her house an eyesore among eyesores. Both the town and Miss Emily herself, now looked upon Miss Emily as the only remnant of that greater time. This fact gives the reader an understanding of the mindset of the "town," who is narrating Miss Emily's story to us in a form resembling a gossip circle, where stories of various townspeople are pieced together and of Miss Emily, the protagonist who lived alone except for her lone servant. The actions of Miss Emily range from eccentric to absurd but it is the readers understanding of the setting that keep the story believable. Miss Emily becomes reclusive and introverted after the death of her father and the estrangement from the Yankee- Homer Barron. It is also revealed at the end of the story that she went as far as poisoning Homer, keeping his dead body in his house, and sleeping next to him as well. She is doing what she feels necessary in response to the pressure placed on her by the town.

Institutions

2489 5491 2489 5491 How does your text communicate information and ideas about institutions and individual experience? Institutions consist of protest, compliance and enforcement. Sometimes institutions harm the individual and sometimes they affect the individual in a positive way. The two texts, Shawshank Redemption (film) and Scales of Justice (television drama), both demonstrate this well, through various techniques such as narrating throughout the films. Both texts are about institutions in the criminal justice system. The text, Shawshank Redemption, portrays institutions as having a negative impact on the individual.In particular, it focuses on the strict elements of institutional life within prisons. These include set routines and structures that must be followed by the inmates. Schedules are enforced. A bell rings, doors open, prisoners step out and line up for morning head count. Enforcement and compliance are essential in the institution. Throughout the film one of the main characters ‘Red† is narrating, this communicates a different perspective of the effect institutions have on individuals. He expresses this when he says, â€Å"I’m telling you,  these walls are funny. First you hate them.Then you get used to them. Enough time passes, it gets so you depend on them. That’s institutionalised. † This quote shows a negative impact institutions can have on an individual, instead of wanting to be back in society they become dependent on set routines. The film also communicates the idea that once an individual has been institutionalised for a certain period of time, it becomes almost impossible for them to adapt back into society when they are released from prison. One way this is communicated is by the inmate Brooks’ protest against leaving Shawshank.Brooks has been in Shawshank for an extended amount of time, prison life and routine is now all he seems to know. It becomes obvious to the audience that even he feels he will not be able to adapt back into society. So terrified of leaving prison, he threatens to stab a fellow inmate so that his sentence will be extended, allowing him to stay in Shawshank. This results in Brooks taking his own life when he is finally released, emphasising the earlier reflection made by Red that some individuals can no longer survive without the institutional way of life.Scales of Justice (Act 1) is about a young and eager probationary constable (Webber) who is graduating from the police academy and has started to work for a police station. The audience sees that he is quiet young and naive through techniques like him twirling his gun around his finger like a young boy would with a toy gun. However as the text progresses we are see that Webber goes through stages of being ecstatic about his new job and not being able to wait to help society as they are â€Å" a walking conscience†, and loving the â€Å"perks† of the job, for example getting discounts on things like food and a car.The audience begins to find that the police station is one that is quite corrupt. As Webber beings to realise this, we see that the institution is having a negative effect on him by killing his dreams of being a walking conscience of society. At first this just makes him a little uncomfortable, but when it comes to actually seeing the corruption first hand (finding the fur coat in his locker) it brings things into perspective for him. 2489 5491 2489 5491 For a few days, the Webber considers keeping the stolen fur coat, as he takes it home with him.This is an example of the institution affecting is once very strong and clear conscience, this is the institution having a negative effect on him. Eventually, the guilt of possessing stolen property becomes too much for Webber, and he turns the coat into the head sergeant. Webber confesses that Sergeant O’Rourke was the one who took it and placed it in his locker. This results in more corruption which l eads to Webber being dismissed from the police force.This is because the internal affairs investigator says Webber is lying and took the coat himself, when really the audience knows that he is dismissed because he turned on a fellow police officer. So in the end we see that being the â€Å"walking conscience† for society didn’t turn out so well for Webber. In conclusion, Shawshank Redemption and Scales of Justice; The Job, both communicate information and ideas about institutions and the individual experience. They both show the aspects of protest, enforcement and compliance within institutions and how the individual is affected through the institution, whether it is in a positive or negative way.

Cannondale essays

Cannondale essays 2-.Indenty key issues from the Broad Environment and discuss how they might impact this industry in the future We can differentiate the following key points: 1. Federal Legislation. During the 1990s the US government enacted legislation that requires communities to include cycling in local transit infrastructure plan (for example Clean Air Act, set standards for air quality). So, people use more the cycle than before, and they spend more money in it. (more money more profit). 2. The appeal of mountain biking. The number of mountain bikers in US grew from 200.000 in 1982 to 85 million in 1997. So the sales has increased considerably; three factors contributed to the popularity of mountain bikes: They were more comfortable to ride than typical touring or racing models. The bikes greatly increased the terrain available to bicycles. More adults were turning toward outdoor activities in their leisure time. 3. Technological Innovation. Cannondale was the first firm in selling mountain bikes. They have based his strategy in technological innovation. They were the first to offer affordable large-diameter aluminum-tube bicycles in the early 1980s. This is an important competitive advantage, because they can sell the products to high prices (new differentiated product can be sold to high prices). Nowadays all the bikes manufacturers, including companies that manufactured inexpensive bicycles, it is using aluminum; so they have to use new raw material like Carbon or Titanium to innovate. The same has happens with full-suspension system. 4. Mature industry. The growing of cycling industry has decrease after 1995. The revenues had been growing exponentially during the 1980s, so Cannondale the leader of the high-performance mountain bike segment had grown greatly. Nowadays, the market is growing but more slowly than before. We can say that the market is saturated, so to keep the growing levels it will b...

Documentación para entrevista de visa americana

Documentacià ³n para entrevista de visa americana Los documentos que se llevan a la entrevista al consulado americano pueden ser muy importantes para ayudar al oficial consular a decidir si aprueba o niega la visa. Adems, la documentacià ³n es fundamental a la hora de luchar contra una decisià ³n de negacià ³n de visa que se considera es errà ³nea. Por lo tanto, si ests en el proceso de solicitar una  visa de no inmigrante  por primera vez o intentas obtener una aprobacià ³n despuà ©s de un rechazo de una peticià ³n anterior, te conviene informarte sobre quà © documentos llevar a la  entrevista en la embajada americana. Tanto  los obligatorios como los recomendados. En este artà ­culo puedes informarte sobre cules son las razones ms comunes para  de que nieguen una visa no inmigrante, como por ejemplo, la de turista, estudiante, trabajo o intercambio. Esto es importante porque hay que saber con anterioridad dà ³nde pueden estar los problemas y presentar documentacià ³n para mostrar evidencia que ayude a subsanarlos. Adems, segà ºn  el paà ­s en el que se aplica, quà © documentos llevar, cules son los tres  tipos de contestaciones que puede dar el oficial consular y quà © hacer si la visa es denegada. Recordar que la entrevista para todas las visas no inmigrantes se solicita como parte del trmite de la visa que se pide al llenar el formulario DS-160, que marca el inicio del mismo.  ¿Van a aprobar mi solicitud de visa americana no inmigrante? Esa es la pregunta que muchos solicitantes se hacen. pero no hay una respuesta que se pueda dar con absoluta certeza. Cada caso es un mundo con peculiaridades propias ya que ninguna persona es igual a otra. Lo que sà ­ se sabe es que en algunos paà ­ses los porcentajes de negacià ³n de las visas son ms altos que en otros. Sin embargo,  esto no debe de tomarse como una invitacià ³n a solicitar visas en consulados americanos distintos a los del paà ­s en el que se reside habitualmente, ya que para esto existen reglas especiales y, adems, puede no ser conveniente. Adems, existen situaciones que complican la peticià ³n de visa no inmigrante. Por ejemplo, cuando se est esperando por una visa inmigrante, es decir, por una tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida como green card. Las estadà ­sticas nos dicen como son las cosas y nos sirven para estar informados sobre quà © esperar. El gobierno de los Estados Unidos publica cada aà ±o fiscal cuntas visas se solicitan y cuntas son negadas. Adems, en cuntos casos se obtuvo finalmente una aprobacià ³n, a pesar de haber sido negada en un principio. En el 2017, el à ºltimo sobre el que hay datos, las embajadas y consulados de Estados Unidos aprobaron en todo el mundo un total de 9.681.913 visas no inmigrantes. Adems, no aprobaron un total de 3.516.581. Las causas principales de negacià ³n de la visa fueron, por el siguiente orden, las siguientes: En primer lugar, el solicitante no prueba suficientemente que no tiene intencià ³n de quedarse en Estados Unidos. Es la causa que se conoce como 214(b). En el FY2017, un total de 2.624.543 visas no inmigrantes fueron rechazadas por esta causa. En segundo lugar, la aplicacià ³n no cumple con los requisitos que exige la ley que se conoce como INA. Las causas ms frecuentes son la falta de documentos o informacià ³n o la necesidad de que otra agencia del gobierno revise la solicitud. En FY2017, un total de 811.238 solicitudes fueron rechazados por esta causa, que se conoce tà ©cnicamente como 221(g). En tercer lugar, por mentir para obtener  un beneficio, por escrito o hablando, en lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como misrepresentation y tà ©cnicamente como la causa 212(a)(6)(C)(i). En el à ºltimo aà ±o fiscal, 18.114 visas no inmigrantes fueron rechazadas por esta causa. En cuarto lugar, haber estado previamente de forma ilegal en Estados Unidos por ms de 365 dà ­as un total de 15.924 personas vieron sus peticiones de visa rechazadas.. Es la causa de negacià ³n de visa que se conoce como 212(a)(9)(B)(i)(II). En este punto hay que tener en cuenta que aplica el castigo de los tres y de los diez aà ±os. Y en quinto lugar, haber permanecido en Estados Unidos despuà ©s de haber cometido una violacià ³n migratoria. Esta causa, que se conoce como 212(a)(9)(c), afectà ³ a 9.551 solicitantes. Es muy importante tener en cuenta que durante ese mismo periodo de tiempo, un total de 744.003 solicitudes que en un principio fueron negadas fueron finalmente aprobadas porque se puedo demostrar con evidencias documentales que no aplicaba la causa de negacià ³n o porque puedo solicitar un waiver, tambià ©n conocido como perdà ³n, y à ©ste fue aprobado. Por lo tanto es evidente la importancia de la documentacià ³n para obtener la aprobacià ³n de la visa y, en el caso de ser negada, poder probar que la negacià ³n no corresponde. Documentos obligatorios para llevar a la entrevista para la visa americana Alguna papelerà ­a es comà ºn a todo tipo de visas no inmigrantes, por ejemplo: 1. Hoja de confirmacià ³n de la cita. 2. Pasaporte vlido y en buen estado. La fecha de expiracià ³n no puede ser inmediata. Las embajadas americanas imponen diferentes reglas a cada paà ­s en cuanto a quà © pasaporte esa vlido. Por favor verificar particularmente en aquellos paà ­ses en los que en los à ºltimos aà ±os ha habido cambios de modelos de pasaporte o existen diferentes modelos vlidos al mismo tiempo. Tambià ©n ver las reglas segà ºn el documento tenga incorporado chip o no. 3. Prueba de haber pagado el arancel o cuota de la visa. Hay que saber que este dinero nunca se recupera. Ni en los casos en los que la visa es rechazada ni cuando el solicitante cambia de idea y decide no ir a la entrevista porque ya no le interesa viajar a los Estados Unidos. Adems, en  algunos paà ­ses, como en el caso de Mà ©xico, es necesario acudir a un Centro de Atencià ³n antes de la entrevista por tema de  las fotos  y las huellas digitales. Pero cada paà ­s sigue sus propias reglas. Pero adems hay que seguir las reglas especà ­ficas de cada visa. Esto es asà ­ para casos como las de estudiante, intercambio, trabajo temporero, etc. Dos clases de problemas que pueden dar lugar al rechazo de la peticià ³n de visa Llegados a este punto hay que diferenciar entre dos posibles situaciones. Primero, si lo que se quiere es probar que no hay razones para negar la visa por ser inelegible. Y el segundo, cuando hay un problema que convierte al solicitante en inadmisible y desea pedir un perdà ³n, tambià ©n conocido como waiver o permiso. En otras palabras, la visa no inmigrante puede ser denegada porque se considera a una persona extranjera como inelegible para el visado que solicita o por ser inadmisible para ingresar a Estados Unidos. Documentos para que el oficial consular no considere al solicitante como inelegible Aunque hay varias causas, la ms comà ºn por la que se niega una visa no inmigrante como la de turista o la de estudiante es porque el cà ³nsul tiene sospechas de que el solicitante se puede quedar en Estados Unidos ms tiempo del permitido. En este punto es muy importante entender que dentro de las visas no inmigrantes hay dos que son consideradas de doble intencià ³n, las L y las H-1B. Esto quiere decir las personas con este tipo de visados pueden buscar activamente la green card en Estados Unidos. En otras palabras, no es importante para ellos probar que su intencià ³n no es quedarse en USA. Pero para el resto de las visas no inmigrantes, como la de turista, estudiante, intercambio y otras de trabajo temporal la causa ms comà ºn por la que no son aprobadas es precisamente porque el solicitante no es capaz convencer al oficial consular que su intencià ³n no es emigrar a Estados Unidos. En otras palabras, debe  probar lazos familiares y/o fuertes en su paà ­s de residencia.  Para eso se utilizan documentos adicionales, por ejemplo: Certificado o partida de nacimiento, original o copia certificada.Certificados de matrimonio, divorcio, relaciones de hecho, viudedad.Libros de familia en el que consten los hijos.Prueba de empleo, de ser propietario o socio de una empresa.Documento que acredite el estatus de estudiante.Cuentas bancarias tipo corriente y de ahorro con extractos que demuestren los movimientos en los à ºltimos seis meses.Inversiones, ahorros, propiedades de todo tipo.Hipotecas o contratos de arrendamiento de vivienda.Pensiones o rentas. Y adems  cualquier otra documentacià ³n que el solicitante crea que puede ayudarle a probar al oficial consular que su intencià ³n no es quedarse en Estados Unidos. No obstante, tener en cuenta que la persona de la oficina consular que lleva a cabo la entrevista no est obligada a examinar la documentacià ³n presentada. Es muy recomendable llevarla ordenada. Adems, para el caso concreto de solicitud de una visa de turista, paseo o placer puede ser conveniente contar con una carta de invitacià ³n redactada por un ciudadano americano, un residente permanente legal u otra persona que se encuentre legalmente en Estados Unidos. Pero no es necesario. Consecuencias de mentir  o presentar documentos falsos en la solicitud de visa Como se ha indicado previamente en este artà ­culo, la tercera causa ms comà ºn por la que se deniega una peticià ³n de visa no inmigrante es por mentir o presentar documentos falsos lo que, tà ©cnicamente, es un fraude de ley. Pueden darse mà ºltiples casos, como presentar documentos falsos de identidad, propiedades, trabajo o estudios acadà ©micos. Pero el fraude de ley incluye situaciones en la que se falta a la verdad en las contestaciones de que dan en el formulario de solicitud de  visa, por ejemplo, asegurando que no se tiene familiares que son ciudadanos americanos cuando lo cierto es que sà ­ se tienen. Una vez que las autoridades consulares o las de control migratorio se dan cuenta de que existe o puede existir un fraude de ley las consecuencias son inmediatas y graves. Por ejemplo, automticamente deniegan la peticià ³n de visa o, si à ©sta ya sido ya aprobada, la cancelan.   Aunque en casos muy concretos es posible levantar el castigo despuà ©s de haber cometido un fraude de ley mediante la peticià ³n de un waiver y, asà ­, obtener una visa, lo cierto es que es uno de los perdones ms difà ­ciles de obtener.   Quà © sucede despuà ©s de la entrevista en el consulado Pueden darse tres situaciones: 1. La visa es aprobada. En este caso el pasaporte debidamente estampado se recibir a los pocos dà ­as. Si este es el caso, los turistas deben tener especial cuidado y evitar estos 8 errores que pueden provocar que le cancelen la visa.   2. La visa entra en fase de procedimiento administrativo. No ha sido aprobada pero tampoco rechazada. Es lo que conoce como 221g. 3. La visa es denegada. Si una visa de turista o de estudiante, etc es negada porque no se ha podido demostrar lazos fuertes con el paà ­s de residencia, antes de pedirla de nuevo es conveniente realizar cambios que puedan convencer al consulado para aprobar una nueva solicitud. Si todo sigue igual, la respuesta va a ser la misma. Es decir: no. Por el contrario, si las razones para la negacià ³n fueron otras causas, es aconsejable consultar con un abogado para estudiar si procede solicitar un waiver, tambià ©n conocido como perdà ³n o permiso especial. Si se solicita un waiver, es importante contar con el asesoramiento de un abogado migratorio con experiencia en este tipo de casos ya que son complejos y conviene saber diferenciar entre todos los posibles perdones y cà ³mo argumentar y apoyar con documentacià ³n la peticià ³n de dicho waiver. Infà ³rmate con este  test de respuestas mà ºltiples Toma este quiz, trivial o test sobre visas para asegurarte de que sabes lo fundamental para obtener y conservar el visado. Este artà ­culo no debe considerarse como asesorà ­a legal. Tiene simplemente un carcter informativo.

Stages of Early Arithmetic Learning Essays - Binary Operations

Stages of Early Arithmetic Learning Essays - Binary Operations StageStage NameDescriptionYour notesExamples 0Emergent CountingCannot count visible items. The child either does not know the number words or cannot coordinate the number words with items.Is unable to coordinate number words with items. 1Perceptual CountingCan count perceived items but not those in screened (that is, concealed) collections. This may involve seeing, hearing, or feeling items.Each number word is accompanied by the production of a perceptual unit item. 2Figurative CountingCan count the items in a screened collection but counting typically includes what adults might regard as redundant activity. For example, when presented with two screened collections, told how many in each collection and asked how many counters in all, the child will count from one instead of counting on.The student can generate their own sensory input to make countable items when counting and is able to use counting in problem oriented contexts where some or all of the items to be counted are hidden. StageStage NameDescriptionYour notesExamples 3Initial Number SequenceChild uses counting-on rather than counting from one, to solve addition missing addend tasks (for example, 6 + = 9). The child may use a count-down-from strategy to solve removed items tasks (for example, 17-3 as 16, 15, 14 the answer is 3).First stage to where the student has awareness of the sequence of numbers in an abstract sense. Severs the dependence of their number concepts on sensory experience that characterizes stage 1 and 2. 4Intermediate Number SequenceThe child counts-down-to solve tasks such as 17-14 = . Reaching the answer of 3 by counting-down-to 14, i.e. 16, 15, 14 the answer is 3 rather than doing the 14 counts-down-from 17, i.e. 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, . . . 5, 4, 3. The child can choose the more efficient of count-down-from and count-down-to strategies.The student has an awareness of the number sequence from one to 14 but this awareness has limitations. 5Facile Number SequenceThe child uses a range of what are referred to as a non-count-by-ones strategies. These strategies involve procedures other than counting-by-ones but may also involve some counting-by-ones. Thus in additive and subtractive situations, the child uses strategies such as compensation using a known result, adding to ten, commutativity, subtraction as the inverse of addition, awareness of the ten in a teen number.Students at stage 5 have an explicit awareness of subtraction as the inverse of addition and typically will use addition to work out subtraction.

How did the recent financial crisis affect Financial Markets and Essay

How did the recent financial crisis affect Financial Markets and institutions - Essay Example The difference in interest rates has led to different problems and difficulties in the international financial market. Further on, another difficulty was caused by a greater demand for U.S. $ by oil importers thus leading to the U.S. $ currency devaluation, the yen Japan, the euro and the pound sterling. Therefore, market and capital markets suffered great losses and it was necessary to find a way out of this situation. At the beginning of financial crisis, the American society still had a hope that future elections of the President would facilitate it. Unfortunately, the impact of financial crisis of 2008-2009 still echoes in the world’s economy. There is a tendency to reduce the difference between the interest rates. Moreover, â€Å"the securities market has been greatly influenced by the devaluation of the assets of certain companies established by banks for loan securitization† (Bloom & Schirm, 2010). In the period between 2004 and 2007 the size of loans has increas ed from 60% in revenues to 90% respectively (Financial Crisis: Let's Get to the Root Cause, 2008). Furthermore, a poor management system of the loan system has also negatively influenced on the financial system. In order to facilitate the complexities occurred in the world’s bank and financial system it is possible to work in two main directions: â€Å"continue economic accounting real, if only the existing level now being maintained; and involve as many as possible capital in the economy† (Kuttner, 2009). In order to renovate a proper functioning of investment banks, such as Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and American International Group (AIG), the U.S. government invested $85 billion in this sphere (Trussel & Rose, 2009). Unfortunately, banks of the country have fallen apart like a house of cards. Almost nineteen banks failed till November 2008 (Swagel, 2009). Therefore, a public confidence in bank system has gradually failed. A further interaction between internatio nal capital markets and financial institutions was full of complexities and the reasons for that should be found on political and economical levels. Political reasons for financial crisis are evident. These are political constraints. A complicated relationship between the congressional leadership and President Bush and his White House staff made 2007 an unconstructive year from the perspective of economic policy, although, ironically, it had the effect of making possible the rapid enactment of the early-2008 stimulus: Democratic leaders by then appeared to be eager to demonstrate that they could govern effectively† (Jackson, 2010). Administration’s deliberations were not facilitated even in time of financial crisis worsening. On the governmental level financial crisis could be solved in terms of mortgage refinance programs and investments in banking and job-creating systems (Kawa, Vanbever, 2010). Therefore, the influence of a global financial crisis has greatly affecte d on money and capital markets. Deposit and non deposit taking institutions have also been influenced greatly by financial crisis. State commercial banks have the main goal to increase profits and satisfy the needs of public by providing deposit options. Unfortunately, firms and individuals have decreased the level of deposits â€Å"

Determining Causes and Effects Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Determining Causes and Effects - Research Paper Example Should critical studies be conducted on the causes and effects of water pollution in Lake Huron therefore, chances are that the situation will cease with immediate effect. This is because knowing the causes of the problem will lead to the development of an intervention and solution that will only scrub the problem from the surface but from its deepest roots. Moreover, knowing the effects of the pollution of the Lake will lead to an awareness and sensitization on the part of the general public on the need to stop polluting the water source. Causes of Pollution of Lake Huron Like many other water sources, Lake Huron is one the water bodies in North America that continues to be plagued with dumping of waste from industries and factories as its major cause of pollution (Hot Indies News, 2012).). The activities of these industries and factories can be praised as a source of revamping industrialization and boosting the growth of America’s economy. However, the irresponsible disposal of waste produced from these sources continues to be the number source of pollution in Lake Huron and many other sources of water in America. This is because most of these manufacturing industries have their waste disposal channels linked either directly to the lake or other sources of water that flow into the lake. ... Though fishers have stopped the use of chemicals in fishing in the lake, their activities continue to be a major source of pollution in the lake especially when they undertake deep water fishing. This is because in the cause of the fishing, they tamper with the natural flow of the water and causes it to be come dirty. What is more, the washing of poisonous and other harmful pollutants from the nearby land system into the lake whenever there is a downpour of rain is a contributing cause of pollution in the lake. This is one of the causes that may be described as unintentional but highly unavoidable. This is because as long as rains continue to pour and they wash into the lake, the tendency that solid waste produced by people settling near the lake and those around other sources of water that flows into the lake would wash directly into the lake and pollute it. Finally, marked as one of the lakes in the Northern American terrain that is worse hit with numerous incidences of shipwrecks, Lake Huron continues to have as one of its causes of pollution, the wrecking of some of these ships (Browder, 1992). It has been noted that most of the ships that travel on the lake often carry huge amounts of raw materials such as crude, fertilizers and mineral ore. They also carry personal belongings of passengers. In the event of any shipwreck, the tendency that most of these raw materials would spill into the lake and pollute it is very high. It is for this reason that shipwrecks have been identified as contributing cause of pollution in Lake Huron. Effect of Pollution of Lake Huron on the Economy Lake Huron is a very fine source of water that could otherwise serve as one of

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Discussion Questions - Essay Example Money Eddie is a great performer in the team and is not required to be pushed or made to sit for performance review meetings often. A bonus pay- check in the middle of the month and an incentive plan in addition to tickets to watch a racing sport when he achieves something way above his team mates will go a long way in keeping Money Eddie motivated. Always Andrea - Her personality type according to 'Six Degrees' is a Careerist and a Lifestyler. Mainly because her personality reflects reliability and loyalty which are traits of an employee looking to get ahead in the corporate ladder. She is also a Lifestyler as she keeps to herself may be due to her commitment to family and wanting to spend more time personally or for herself. A good rating at the performance appraisal and a promotion that she can look at, down the line in the company along with an incentive pay structure can be a powerful way of motivating her. She is profile who can be counted upon and can rise to the occasion to help the team in crisis. Lovely Lupita - This employee conforms to the type of a 'Collegiality Seeker' her characteristics of being social and talking about her family.

Documentary Credit Transaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Documentary Credit Transaction - Essay Example The economic activities have accelerated in the current century, the economic opportunities have been explored, and wealth proportion has expanded instead of getting more concentrated. The trade partners therefore adopted a policy of variance, aimed at adaptability towards economic progression. The economic expansion and rapid circulation of wealth intensified the activities of the banking sector, and for the procurement of its share, the trade partners broadened the horizon of its banking facilities. The requirements and the expectations of the consumers revolutionized, and for this purpose the banking sector was compelled to adopt and introduce set of revised and modified scheme which primarily focused on lending services, the deposition activities although gained a massive momentum, but the contribution in this regard was mainly from the wealthy people, the lending services were sought by the industries, corporate world and the major portion of society. Initially the banking insti tute was reluctant to adopt the concept of accountability and transparency, but once the population of the consumers rose, and the banking institute developed linkages with different clients, the bank was forced to ensure that accountability and transparency is practiced in all its form. The economic expansion did not only broaden the horizon for the trade partners, rather the other banking institutes also strengthen and received an equal opportunity for procurement of contracts and opportunities. The trade partners therefore had to intensify the implementation of the plan in the wake of economic expansion, and rising competition. The trade partners developed an strategy, previously when the economic activities were sluggish, the bank focused on the areas where the community sought financial assistance and safeguard for the deposition of their money and other valuables, lately when the technological revolution improved the qualitative and the quantitative standards of living, the ba nk adopted an entirely different strategy to overcome the needs of the customers, not by offering to them what they require, but by offering to the customers all which they should inherit in this period of technological development, so that the improved quality standards can be availed by the customers. The bank focused from routine operation to an arena of innovation, where the need was never felt but generated to apprise the customers about the qualitative enhancement of life, through different financial schemes (Robert, 2007). Documentary Credit Transaction: Significance The globalization has expanded the network of credit transactions. There were days when the credit transactions were confined within geographical terrains, but the global trade has conceived the concept of international banking. The exchange of economic and trade relations have essentially required the development of the units which shall support and protect the credit transactions. The concept of international banking system evolved with special provisions which secured the

INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES - Assignment Example In essence, Shanghai General Motors was established in mid 1997 with the initiative of a joint venture with another world leading automotive industry known as General Motors (Anderson 2012). The business relationship was meant to be an equal contribution. This relationship was later sealed with the first automotive assemble in 1999 and the first vehicle been Buick Regal. Four years later, the company was rated as the second largest single market that had hit the market with General Motor products. In this regard, Shanghai General Motors is involved with the assembling of components of vehicles that emanate from parts imported from different corners of the globe particularly from US, Korea, Brazil among other countries that are capable of producing automotive parts across the globe. At times, the company makes orders on these parts in advance because some require lengthy shipping to comply with the orders given by customer in various parts of the world (Klein and Abels 2008). From the re onwards, this joint venture has immensely improved to become China’s largest automotive manufacturing company. ... According to Luo and Yan 2001, it is worth noting that China is among the leading countries that have advanced technologically and thus the automotive industry is not un exception. Of importance to note is that automotive industry is one of the world’s crucial technological areas as it involves variety of vehicles which are targeted by millions of people globally. Never the less, information gathering from this multi billion company has not been easy because some of their facts keep on fluctuating depending on the behavior of the market and their potential competitors such as Chery and MD Rover. Actually, they believe in coming up with unique brands, which they place into the market without having to advertise first to bar their competitors from coming up with similar brands that might threaten their ever growing market of automotives. In addition, it becomes cumbersome for individuals to easily access their numerous distinct plants where most of the assembling is done in rega rd to their policy. Type of joint venture It is apparent that Shanghai General Motors Company has been one of the biggest car manufacturing companies in china. The company was formed after a successful collaboration between General Motors and SAIC. With continued lack of advanced technology imported to china by other companies, SAIC decided to approach GM with intent of importing top technology to china on the basis that SAIC would help GM to jointly work in china. In this regard, SAIC and GM privately held a joint venture in 1997 and Shanghai GM (SGM) was born. The investment was valued at $ 1.69 billion. In light of this, it is apparent that the privately held joint venture between the two companies improved their performance (Baran, et al 1996). With GM, china was not only a

Documentary Credit Transaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Documentary Credit Transaction - Essay Example The economic activities have accelerated in the current century, the economic opportunities have been explored, and wealth proportion has expanded instead of getting more concentrated. The trade partners therefore adopted a policy of variance, aimed at adaptability towards economic progression. The economic expansion and rapid circulation of wealth intensified the activities of the banking sector, and for the procurement of its share, the trade partners broadened the horizon of its banking facilities. The requirements and the expectations of the consumers revolutionized, and for this purpose the banking sector was compelled to adopt and introduce set of revised and modified scheme which primarily focused on lending services, the deposition activities although gained a massive momentum, but the contribution in this regard was mainly from the wealthy people, the lending services were sought by the industries, corporate world and the major portion of society. Initially the banking insti tute was reluctant to adopt the concept of accountability and transparency, but once the population of the consumers rose, and the banking institute developed linkages with different clients, the bank was forced to ensure that accountability and transparency is practiced in all its form. The economic expansion did not only broaden the horizon for the trade partners, rather the other banking institutes also strengthen and received an equal opportunity for procurement of contracts and opportunities. The trade partners therefore had to intensify the implementation of the plan in the wake of economic expansion, and rising competition. The trade partners developed an strategy, previously when the economic activities were sluggish, the bank focused on the areas where the community sought financial assistance and safeguard for the deposition of their money and other valuables, lately when the technological revolution improved the qualitative and the quantitative standards of living, the ba nk adopted an entirely different strategy to overcome the needs of the customers, not by offering to them what they require, but by offering to the customers all which they should inherit in this period of technological development, so that the improved quality standards can be availed by the customers. The bank focused from routine operation to an arena of innovation, where the need was never felt but generated to apprise the customers about the qualitative enhancement of life, through different financial schemes (Robert, 2007). Documentary Credit Transaction: Significance The globalization has expanded the network of credit transactions. There were days when the credit transactions were confined within geographical terrains, but the global trade has conceived the concept of international banking. The exchange of economic and trade relations have essentially required the development of the units which shall support and protect the credit transactions. The concept of international banking system evolved with special provisions which secured the

Answer 2 Q only Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answer 2 Q only - Essay Example They are no longer adequate in advancing the brand. It has to be remembered that in an effective IMC unites the organization’s marketing effort to be able to have a clear and coherent message about the company and its products that is represented by its brand. TV, Radio, Bill-Board or Newsprint and Sales Promotion as marketing medium while effective in creating and reinforcing a brand, is no longer as potent as it used to be. Consumers are getting sophisticated and are now highly diversified that traditional media no longer suffices in delivering brand. New mediums such as web presence should be included in creating a brand in modern marketing keep the marketing effort of a company relevant and updated. Web presence does not only reaches the most number of people at the least cost but is also effective in creating an identity of the product through its various features. It adds value to the brand not just be efficiently delivering brand information to the market but also by delivering the right message to the market crucial in creating a brand. It can also consolidate the marketing efforts of Nestle such as in its website www.nestle.com where its web presence was able to consolidate its presence around the world giving the market a clearer picture of the brand and its reach. Q3. Find a celebrity who is currently appearing in an advertisement for a particular company and/or its brand, and then use McCrackens Meaning Transfer Model shown in Figure 6-4 to analyze the use of this individual as an endorser/spokesperson for the company and/or brand. How valuable is McCrackens model to the field of celebrity endorsement? The classic example of a celebrity who is currently appearing in an advertisement for a particular company and/or its brand that uses McCrackens Meaning Transfer Model is Manny Pacquiao, the 8 Division World Champion in Boxing. His magnificent rose from

Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Example for Free

Johnny Depp as Edward Scissorhands Essay Johnny Depp, also known as Edward Scissorhands is the main focus of this movie. Edward being an invention â€Å"monster† as some might say, but he also has a kind heart for others. After the inventor â€Å"Father† of Edward died he stayed inclosed in the house, leaving him unfinished him having scissors for hands, he had become socially disconnected. Looking into Edwards eyes you can tell he’s lost soul being in trapped in a unwanted body. Deserted in this House he calls home all alone until one day, Peg, a woman who sells avon, barges in and takes him with her. Edward gentle but frightened doesnt know what the world had in store for him. Being alone for as long as Edward was he desired the attention Peg gave him. i honestly think Tim Burtons main focus of this film was to show that you cant judge a book by its cover, by showing off Edwards unique qualities showing his fascinating personality loving heart towards others. While easily amazing the neighbors with his shrub trimming and hair cutting skills. Edward falls drastically in love with Peg’s daughter Kim, but, KIm is dating the Jim who is just very hateful to Edward. Jim always pointed out that he could never hold hands with Kim without hurting her, also Edward being so socially disconnected from society.

Leadership Strategies in Remember the Titans

Leadership Strategies in Remember the Titans AOTEAROA TERTIARY INSTITUTE NZIM DIPLOMA IN MANAGAMENT LEVEL 5 LEADERSHIP 630 ASSESSED TUTORIAL : FILM STUDY REMEMBER THE TITANS Name: Prithi Chand Student ID: 27648 Tutor: Mr Rasheed Hussein LEADERSHIP STYLES: Remember the Titans have different leadership styles. Both the leaders in the movie try to motivate the players in their own ways. A good leader motivates others to develop qualities and train them to do better. This movie shows how Coaches and team players showed their leadership qualities, strengths as a leader. The contribution of each player helped to achieve in their victory. The players forget their racism differences and played as a team. During the football match on the field, no blacks and whites were differentiated and they played all as one. My First leader is Herman Boone. He had a dictative leadership style. Boone believed that through cooperation of the entire team will lead to a win. He also believed that each player has to understand each other culture. He had a very clear vision as how to succeed with the team and how to have a strong team to work hard with full determination and courage. He also had transactional lead where he punishes the players if they were doing something wrong directly or indirectly which helped him to control the team through his powers. He knew very well that players had loved for the football game and he had faith in his players that’s they will definitely going to win the game if every player corporate. He had a good leadership quality as he approached Yoast to be his assistance coach. He wanted to have a strong team and win. His team to be successful he had to ensure that all the team members work together and respect each other. It was important for the team to work hard and be committed at all the times. Through his power he was able to have a transactional lead and whenever the players were wrong he punishes them and he had the control over them to improve and bring a standard in the team. He knew very well that the players had loved for the football game and he can make the team to work together and used their love as a motivator to make sure they cooperate and they don’t fight with each other as far as racist is concerned. My Second leader in Remember the Titans is Coach Bill Yoast. Coach Yoast used democratic leadership styles. Coach Yoast, meet students personally. He discuss the issues and personally try to solve the problem rather than in front of other team members. In Remember the Titans Coach Yoast display his qualities in such a way that he handled each difficult situation with ease. He used to keep his players cool so that he can have control over them and he can help them individually if need arises. He was a calm Coach. He was not that strict and straight forward as Coach Boone as a leader. Effectiveness as a leader Team members respected him a lot since he was able to bring all players together with different race through pairing black and white players together. He had confident and courage through which he was able to make his team win. Coach Boone was a effective leader he was just like a leader who is born with so more powerful in his words. He was a effective leader with confident and courage through which his team won. He was independently and stubbornly as often see in the movie which wins the victory. He was very much concerned with the players and how they feel. He had strengthen, confidence, enthusiasm and unity of player. Type of power Coach Boone held expert power which is power that results from leader’s special knowledge or skill regarding tasks performed by followers(Daft,2008). He was a true expert of football with superior knowledge of coaching the team. He had full control over his team. He also held referent power since he had ability to convey a sense of personal acceptance. Coach Boone highly influences his team member through his strength. How he used his power He used his power in a good way but sometimes he was so hard on players during training period. But through his tough training and strict on players he was able to make his team win. He used his power as Head coach to achieve his goals and to promote interracial interaction in hope of improving the team. Since he was black with power some white players didn’t want to accept his authority but through his power he forces the players to tolerate with each other until racial conflict is solved. By the end of training camp players started respecting his leadership more and don’t look at his power as unlawful and hurtful. He achieved his objectives through strong sense of skill proficiency responsibility and dedication of team. Type of Power Coach Yoast also held expert power he was a true expert and real man of football. He was coach for many years but due to his name nominated for hall of fame he become assistant coach. He also had referent power that is leaders personality characteristics that command followers identification and respect to emulate the leaders. Players were admire his power and strengthen. How he used his power He used his power in good way towards his team and player. During one of the game when he saw that referee was biased towards the team he talk with referee and was quite angry on it. Due to this action he lost his hall of fame nominee and he didnt care of it because according to him he thinks that team and win of the game is more important. In the beginning of the movie he said that he is taking break for one year from football and all his players said there are also leaving the game and there will be boycott. After thinking about the student he step back to take assistant coach position. SITUATION FROM THE MOVIE: A situation in a movie was during the game a player was injured with a broken wrist and was replaced by Ronnie. This short conversation between Coach Boone and Ronnie in which Boones says to Ronnie that he is the colonel and he has to command his troops. Coach Boone dialogue speech was supportive however he believes in the team because of level of competence, confidence and commitment in them. One player from the team stands ups and gives a small talk to the entire team, demanding and expecting more than Coach Boone. This scene tells us straight that the team doesn’t need much more support or leader. Coach Boone realises this and gives responsibility to the players. Another situation where Coach Yoast tries to put Ronnie in the game but Ronnie declines that he can’t play that position and he suggested Petey to play instead of him as Ronnie thinks Petey is a better player than him. Coach Yoast allows Ronnie to make the choice to play or not to play. LEADERSHIP THEORIES: This movie Remember the Titan’s has his own theory which is called the great man theory. The Great man theory: it shows at camp, Coach Boone exercises his players over and over again. These pep- talks motivated the players do better and to learn from their mistakes. Coach Boone was directive and his helpful behaviour was a key to success. One incident was when early in the morning Coach Boone tells both teams to run on the fields of Gettysburg. That shows that he has got the great man theory as he also went for the run with everyone in the team .Coach Boone had this theory to success in his games. Another leadership theory showed was the Trait theory. Coach Yoast believes in trait leadership of styles. As from his point of view to be strict and more disciplined to the players the team can’t win the game. At the beginning he was racist and he didn’t like black people and he didn’t accept the offer at first from the Coach Boone and later he accepted the offer because his players didn’t wanted to report to Coach Boone directly. So he became the Assistant coach. Individual culture and its effect. Remember the titans is a story of two schools one white and one black are forced to integrate in Virginia(wikimedia,2014). Coach Boone is a black and he gets head position and Coach Yoast who is white becomes his assistant. Coach Boone was a black and he grow up in black community where people say them as a low class whereas Coach Yoast was a white and he grown up in different community. The team put aside their racial differences and play as one team. This movie was a true story based on reality. When Coach Boone takes over from Coach Yoast things were getting very tenses therefore he went personally to him to discuss the situation of new coaching status but due to his arrogant and overbearing it cause rift between the coaching staff and took time to gain respect for one another. Also the team captains Gerry Bertier and Julius Campbell who were not getting together due to race decided to overcome stigma between them and set example for the team. Through practice both race come toget her and also celebrate the victory and realize that races should not be any issues. This gives a good example of how one can overcome the racial issue. It also shows how people can overcome racial issue when there is strong leadership, determination, acceptance and will to succeed (Wikimedia, 2014). TYPE OF ORGANISATION AND THEIR LEVEL OF SENIORITY: This leadership situation in the movie is a part of T.C.Williams High School Northern Virginia City of Alexandria in 1971. This movie is all about black and white that period of time in 1971. The level of seniority he had his own personal pride in himself. He always wanted the team to succeed and perform above standards as he had high expectations from the players. He also taught by quitting, it won’t solve any problems for anyone. Coach Boone also pass a message to us that if life doesn’t treat us fairly, you must try your level best until you reach your own goals and don’t lose hope easily. This vision, ideas and hopes made the Titans win to a success. INDIVIDUAL CULTURE AND ITS EFFECTS I would just say, this movie shows us the leadership theory to a very clear point of view and in a broad way. Coach Boone was not born as a leader but he became a good leader and he was even successful in his displays to be a leader.His quality as a head coach, and he proved the whites as well that black people can also be a head coach and can lead the team to a victory where as white people believed that they can only do the coaching for the football team. Previously racism was a major impacts on the people especially color of body; black and white. White people were always given first preferences before black people. Black people were always looked down upon. In this movie at the end the black player becomes the captain when the white player captain got paralyzed. The black coach took over the white coach. So these things proved in the movie that black people can also lead to a victory or win and can have unity and friendly atmosphere between two colors of people and to stop racism s. Other leadership concepts and ideologies that was identify in the movie ? Other leadership concepts and ideologies that was identify in this movie remember the titans was responsibility and integrity. Both the coaches and players knew their responsibility towards their team. Their main aim was to win the tournament through fair game. Other responsibility was to stop discrimination towards black and white and bring harmony in the team. Coach Boone was integrity and he had solid principle to stop discrimination. Shared goal is by making others realise what you can achieved having same vision. Coach Boone and Coach Yoast both had same goal but their used different leadership style. At the beginning of the movie Coach Boone was the only one with the goal to win and to integrate the team whereas all the team members had their own personal goal to get the position there wanted. But later through Coach Boone training and socialisation of team members with each other make all players to share same goal of winning the tournament and accepting one another. Motivation is by encouraging people leader has the ability and power to inspire, motivate and energize. Coach Boone had ability to motivate and inspire the team also Coach Yoast motivate the team. The team was able to win the game through motivation from coaches and each other. Good communicator is the other concept it is how leader speaks in public and gain attention to his listener. Coach Boone was classified as a good communicate he communicates so well with his team. Lots of speech and group discussion took place which bring succeed to the team. Also Coach Yoast and captain Gerry had a good communication skills. Reference: Tangient LLC (2014) Chapter 3 Remember the Titans Situatational Leadership Model Retrieved from: http://sportpsychgoes2movies.wikispaces.com/Chapter+3+-+Remember+the+Titans+-+Situational+Leadership+Model Daft R L Pirola-Merlo (2008). The leadership experience: Asia Pacific edition 1. Melbourne: Cengage Learning. Tumblr (n.d) Cultural Studies in Remember the Titans http://caseyccarroll.tumblr.com/post/21612754841/cultural-studies-in-remember-the-titans Wikimedia (2014) Remember the Titans http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remember_the_Titans

Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban :: essays research papers

Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, is the third book in the trilogy of J. K. Rowlings other Harry Potter books, though she is coming out with four more books in the coming years. Just to quickly run through the two previous books; Harry Potter is a wizard, who’s parents were killed by the worst dark wizard ever known. The reason why Harry Potter is still around, is because Lord Voldemort failed to kill Harry. His spell hit Harry, but then backfired on Voldemort taking all of his powers with him. Harry is so famous for two things. Withstanding the powers of Lord Voldemort, and, taking him back in to the underworld in hiding. In the first book, Harry receives a letter from Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. He’s eventually allowed to go, and spends the next six months there learning magic, getting into trouble, and trying to solve mysteries of his past, and the school. In the second book, Harry goes back to his second year at Hogwarts, and gets into more trouble, figures out many astonishing mysteries and learns loads more magic. His best friends in the two books consist of Ron and Hermione (two of his fellow wizard students) and Hagrid t he gamekeeper who was expelled from Hogwarts but allowed a job as the gamekeeper. Now to get to the Prisoner of Azkaban. Harry Potter is back for the summer at the Dursley’s home. The Dursley’s are his mothers sister, and that family detests Harry in every way possible. They keep him locked up in a cupboard in the basement, take his owl (used for delivering mail etc.) his wand, and his trunk of spell books and everything else he could use to do any bit of magic. Harry’s birthday again passes without being noticed by the Dursley’s, but Harry receives presents from Ron and Hermione and also Hagrid. Over the summer the entire town was in shock for one afternoon when 13 people were harshly murdered by a man known only as Sirius Black, whom no one had seen before. The pursuit of Serious continues for a long time and doesn’t’ end too soon. Harry counts as the days pass by, waiting for the day when he travels out to catch the train "9 3/4", the train to Hogwarts hidden between trains 9 and 10. There is a big problem now, though. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban :: essays research papers Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, is the third book in the trilogy of J. K. Rowlings other Harry Potter books, though she is coming out with four more books in the coming years. Just to quickly run through the two previous books; Harry Potter is a wizard, who’s parents were killed by the worst dark wizard ever known. The reason why Harry Potter is still around, is because Lord Voldemort failed to kill Harry. His spell hit Harry, but then backfired on Voldemort taking all of his powers with him. Harry is so famous for two things. Withstanding the powers of Lord Voldemort, and, taking him back in to the underworld in hiding. In the first book, Harry receives a letter from Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. He’s eventually allowed to go, and spends the next six months there learning magic, getting into trouble, and trying to solve mysteries of his past, and the school. In the second book, Harry goes back to his second year at Hogwarts, and gets into more trouble, figures out many astonishing mysteries and learns loads more magic. His best friends in the two books consist of Ron and Hermione (two of his fellow wizard students) and Hagrid t he gamekeeper who was expelled from Hogwarts but allowed a job as the gamekeeper. Now to get to the Prisoner of Azkaban. Harry Potter is back for the summer at the Dursley’s home. The Dursley’s are his mothers sister, and that family detests Harry in every way possible. They keep him locked up in a cupboard in the basement, take his owl (used for delivering mail etc.) his wand, and his trunk of spell books and everything else he could use to do any bit of magic. Harry’s birthday again passes without being noticed by the Dursley’s, but Harry receives presents from Ron and Hermione and also Hagrid. Over the summer the entire town was in shock for one afternoon when 13 people were harshly murdered by a man known only as Sirius Black, whom no one had seen before. The pursuit of Serious continues for a long time and doesn’t’ end too soon. Harry counts as the days pass by, waiting for the day when he travels out to catch the train "9 3/4", the train to Hogwarts hidden between trains 9 and 10. There is a big problem now, though.

North Korea: Nuclear Friend or Foe? :: Nuclear proliferation

North Korea: Nuclear Friend or Foe? Introduction It is 2025. After decades of bickering and intense fighting, India and Pakistan finally break out into general war. Millions are killed in the nuclear exchange. Other countries are drawn into the fray, ultimately widening the landscape of war. The death toll reaches a billion lives. In essence, you are witnessing a nuclear holocaust. Fortunately, this is a completely fictitious event; something one would think was straight out of a movie. The scary part is that as more and more countries begin to acquire nuclear weapons, further nuclear research, and pursue other nuclear-related projects, this can be very real. It might happen in ten years, a few months, or even – tomorrow. The issue of nuclear proliferations is an issue of much concern by the United States. Since its creation back in the 1940s through the Manhattan project, the atomic bomb has been the bane of society, in terms of the level of potential threat it holds for the international community. The focus of this paper looks at U.S. policy towards nuclear proliferation, both past and present, with a special focus on the status of North Korea. For some analysts and many governmental officials, North Korea seems to be the next big threat to U.S. and international security. Proponents of this belief cite statements made by North Korea, efforts to enrich used fuel rods, and other pursuits to utilize nuclear power in some way or other. In an effort to really break down on a critical level the United States’ approach towards the country of North Korea, this paper examines not only the historical context of U.S./North Korea relations, but also the U.S. stance towards proliferation among such countries as Iran, Libya, Israel, India, Pakistan, and other countries. In using other countries to compare and contrast U.S. policy, hopefully this will bring about some sort of rationale behind the approach to North Korea. Understandably, the issue is way more complex than just a chosen stance towards each individual country. History, political balance, as well as, the intent of the U.S. administration at the time shape the policy instituted toward the particular country. A Colored History On June 27, 1950, President Harry S. Truman â€Å"authorized the use of American land, sea, and air forces in Korea; a week later, the United Nations placed the forces of 15 other member nations under U.

A Green Environment for Now and the Future Essay

In the past, the major need of people in this world was arable land. Man did not have to think about animate things. However, now the adverse effects on forests through over-population and the development of various chemical elements in the atmosphere have led to irregular rainfall and global warming. This global warming has brought changes in climate, including making perennial snow mountains melt, thereby adversely affecting not only human beings but also other living species. This dangerous situation is being taken very seriously by the world. In the past the perennial snow mountains of Tibet had very thick snow. Older people say that these mountains were covered with thick snow when they were young and that the snows are getting sparser which may be an indication of the end of the world. It is a fact that climate change is a slow process taking thousands of years to realize its effect. Living beings and plant life on this planet also undergo change accordingly. Man’s physical structure too changes from generation to generation along with the change in climatic conditions. Because of the growth in the population, a large number of trees are cut for fuel, and to reclaim land for agricultural cultivation. In the case of Tibet, too, the Chinese have now destroyed its ancient trees in a similar way to shaving a man’s hair off. This is not simply the destruction of trees but it also means harming what belongs to the Tibetans. Similarly, the continuing decline in forests in many parts of the world, including America, is adversely affecting the already changing global climate, thus upsetting the lives, not only of mankind, but also of all living beings. Similarly, the harmful effect on the atmosphere brought about by chemical emissions in industrialized countries is a very dangerous sign. Although this is a new thing for us Tibetans, the world is paying a lot of attention to this problem. It is the responsibility of us, who speak of the welfare of all sentient beings, to contribute towards this. Since I too have a responsibility in this matter, (i.e. to work for the protection of the environment and to see that the present and future  generations of mankind can make use of refreshing shade and fruits of trees), I bought these seeds of fruit-bearing† trees with part of my Nobel Peace Prize money to be distributed now, to people representing different regions (all the continents of the world are represented here) during this Kalachakra gathering. These seeds have been kept near the Kalachakra mandala for purification and blessings. Since these include seeds of apricot, walnut, papaya, guava, etc., suitable for planting under varying geographical conditions, experts in respective places ‘should be consulted on their planting and care and, thus, you all should see my sincere aspiration is fulfilled.

Psychological Theories of Pedophilia and Ephebophilia Essay

The problem of pedophilia and ephebophilia was recently highlighted with the successive scandals involving many catholic priests who allegedly abused children and minors. Although the problem was sensationalized with the recent scandals, it must be noted that it is not limited to the catholic clergy as â€Å"It’s a problem that strikes anywhere, every walk of life, every race, and every social level†. (Richmond, 2009) The article â€Å"Psychological Theories of Pedophilia and Ephebophilia† attempts to explain the underlying theories that explain the said sexual deviant behaviors. It distinguishes the difference between a pedophilia, an adult who has recurrent, intense sexual urges and sexual fantasies involving a prepubescent child below 13 years old and an ephebophilia, who has recurrent, intense sexual urges and sexual fantasies involving a pubescent child or adolescent between the ages 14 and 17 years old. In both cases, the offending adult is at least 5 years older than the victim. A further distinction was made between regressed and fixated pedophiles and ephebophiles. The latter primarily have sexual orientation towards adults and regresses into a sexual urge for children only under extreme duress. The former, on the other hand, are fixated on children and teenagers alone. The article cites earlier studies, such as that from Araji and Finkelhorn which view the theories of pedophilia according to four broad categories: emotional congruence, sexual arousal, blockage and inhibition. At the outset, the article clarifies that that there is no clear and definite pattern of their background. Their religious, vocation, socio-economic, education backgrounds are widely diverse, heterogeneous and complex, thus making it difficult to narrow down the specific characteristics of these offenders. Owing to the diversity of backgrounds of pedophiles and ephebophiles, the author investigates the causes of the disorders by analyzing them using two broad categories, (1. ) the psychological theories including psychic, social and environmental factors, and (2. ) the hypothesized biological strata of the disorder. By taking a multi-faceted approach, one is able to compartmentalize the types of offenders according to above theories, thus making analysis of these disorders more organized, direct, and systematic. Psychological Theories Psychoanalytic theories look at deviant sexual behaviors as stemming from early childhood trauma (ages 2-5 years), causing one’s arrested development and explains why the person eventually becomes the offender and repeats the offense later in adulthood in an attempt to mask the anxiety. Meanwhile, family system theories stresses the role of unresolved intergenerational family dynamics on certain family members which argues that deviant behavior is learned within the family, and eventually, spreads across family lines. Behaviorism and social learning theories stress the importance of learning our behavior. In other words, behavior is learned and acquired through early experiences that either brings guilt or pleasure or both. Biological Theories Biological theories attempt to connect deviant sexual behaviors with brain disease. It attempts to answer 2 basic questions, such as: 1. What effect does the brain have on perverse sexual behavior? 2. Can deviant sexual arousal be attributed to brain disease or damage? More specifically, psychologists have found a strong link between high testosterone levels among males and sexual aggression. Subsequently, studies suggest that the level of testosterone in fetuses can be affected by the mother’s intake of specific drugs and stress. Certain studies do seem to suggest a direct correlation between high levels of testosterone and deviant sexual behavior as proven by high levels of testosterone found among pedophiles and in another study, elevated levels of â€Å"luteinising hormone†. In this respect, an anti-androgenic medication such as Depo Provera lowers the level of testosterone in the human body and has been moderately successful in the treatment of sexually deviant men. REFERENCE Richmond, R. The National Institute for the Renewal of the Priesthood. (21 May 2009) Pedophilia not just a clergy problem, police expert says. Retrieved 17 June 2009 from http:// www. jknirp. com/richmond. htm.

Consider immigration into the US and remittances sent home Essay

Consider immigration into the US and remittances sent home - Essay Example On the other hand, entrepreneurs make the use of unexploited economic potential in the country, thereby increasing employment opportunities and bring in additional revenues in the region. The immigrants who are in the united state illegally increased competition in the labor market. This community offers a threat to the economy since the competition reduces the employment opportunities for Inuit communities. The national government should therefore strive to reduce the community that is illegally in the region. Remittances are funds that a foreign individual sends to home country, mainly to their families. In this perspective, remittance is very effective in the economy since the remittance funds are earned by foreign individuals, therefore adding value to the economy (Gylfason, 2009, p. 109). On the other hand, these funds are tax deductible and therefore provide the government with revenue through taxes. However, foreign aids are tax-free and have no economic value to the host

Unemployment In UK and Effect of a Wage Increase Essay

Unemployment In UK and Effect of a Wage Increase - Essay Example Unemployment In UK and Effect of a Wage Increase In general, a minimum wage rate sets the price of hourly labour at a level that defies the ability of the market forces to determine the price of hourly labour. The legislated minimum wage, of course, is not set below the equilibrium wage rate or the wage rate in which the demand for labour is equal to the quantity of labour supplied or the hours of labour supplied. Otherwise, there would not be a need for a legislation of a minimum wage rate. Legislation on the minimum wage rate is usually above the equilibrium wage rate. At that level, however, or at the level in which the legislated minimum wage rate is higher than the equilibrium wage rate, the quantity demanded for labour or the number of hours of labour demanded is lower than the quantity of labour supplied or number of hours of labour supplied. Thus, involuntary unemployment takes place. In Baumol and Blinder discussion, the line segment AB represents the employment gap. The work of Mankiw and Gwartney et al. also supports the perspective articulated in Figure 1. Varian pointed out the wage increases can actually increase or decrease the supply of labour but Varian’s view on the matter may not be relevant because the wage increase that we are discussing pertain to the minimum wage. Baumol and Blinder pointed out, however, that research undertaken by economists David Cards and Alan Krueger in early 1992 for New Jersey and Pennsylvania reportedly did not provide support for the perspective reflected in Figure 1 because the New Jersey stores in which wages were higher produced more net hiring than their Pennsylvania counterparts whose wages are lower. Thus, even if Baumol and Blinder (2009, p. 115) articulated a conventional perspective on the impact of legislated minimum wage, the authors called for more studies. In another section of Baumol and Blinder (2009, p. 201-202), the authors viewed that an increase in the nominal increase in nominal wage at current prices lead to a leftward shift in the ag gregate supply curve. This is because the marginal costs for output will increase with an increase in the minimum wage. Baumol and Blinder (2009), however, did not clarify if the economic model represented in Figure 2 will also apply to a vertical aggregate supply curve but it seems appropriate to view that it is probably the case. Thus, it is possible that a net effect of an increase in the minimum hourly wage for labour above 21 years old will be to contract the economy, assuming that increasing the minimum wage for above 21 years old will have a net effect of increasing the overall minimum hourly wage. In addition, if the Baumol and Blinder perspective (2009, p. 201-202) applies, the increase in hourly minimum wage (assuming the increase in minimum wage for labour above 21 years old will have that effect), will also lead to an increase in the price level. Of course, we are assuming here that aggregate demand is unchanged. The current world crisis has probably shifted the aggregat e demand to the left and, thus, it is more likely that the contraction will not be associated to a significant increase in prices. Figure 2. Nominal wage and the aggregate supply curve Baumol and Blinde

How does income affect health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How does income affect health - Essay Example This paper discusses how level of income affects health from the narrow perspective of considering its effect to an individual to the broader perspective of considering income inequality as a major determinant of standard of public health. The World Health Organization or WHO (2010) considered income and social status as the number one determinant of health, conveying that higher income and social status are linked to better health where the greater the gap between the richest and poorest people, the greater the differences in health. People with higher income have the ability to maintain health and wellness as they can afford to buy even the expensive foods (but rich in nutrients), vitamins, and supplements; they can engaged in various recreational activities and sports requiring membership fees, personal equipments, and rental fees of equipments; they can afford to pay private medical or health insurance to cover their medical expenses. Moreover, people with good income can afford education and in school they learn more about health and wellness, thus health awareness is broadened through knowledge. With educational qualification, finding work is easy, thus increasing one’s source of income and consequently i ncreasing access to health beneficial activities and programs. Many researchers and analysts support the idea that there is a strong direct correlation between level of income and health. According to Levison (2007), â€Å"How much money you make helps to determine how healthy you will be†¦ Having higher income levels provides us with access to fitness centers, better choices for our eating patterns, and better medical care.† Christensen (2010) also supported the idea that money can save lives, as she mentioned that a child living in a developing country may die due to unavailability of antibiotic or incapability to buy medicines, which for many developed

Write an exemplification essay on the qualities of an effective

Write an exemplification on the qualities of an effective teacher - Essay Example in class; they have to strengthen these qualities and, finally, work on developing the qualities that they do not have since these qualities may affect the learning process of their students. An effectual instructor has to be exceptionally well prepared. This ensures that the teacher’s work in preparation for class is done on time and in such a way that students will be able to understand what their teacher is discussing. Furthermore, the teacher will have to be able to teach his students in an organized manner, which means that they will get more from him than if he had not been well organized. The teacher will have to be able to anticipate the questions which his students are likely to ask after the discussion and will have to answer these questions effectively. Therefore, it is a fact that a well-organized teacher will be able to cover more with his/her students than a teacher not se well organized. A teacher has to be in every way supportive of his/her students. This leads to the development of trust between the teacher and the students, and due to this, the latter will be more receptive when in class. As stated above, every student has unique abilities and it is up to the teacher to encourage the development of these abilities to ensure that there is more diversity in class. In this way, students with different abilities will be able to share their knowledge with each other, and this will bring about richer learning environment. A teacher has to be persistent with his/her students. There are certain students who require a persistent teacher to develop interest in learning. It is, therefore, important that the teacher maintain his/her persistence in encouraging such students to take an active interest in their education even though such students may be stubborn. If such students need special help, then the teacher should be patient enough to provide such help or, if he/she cannot do this, then he/she should ask a person more suited for the task to do so.

Narrative on Seminar Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Narrative on Seminar Discussion - Essay Example Unless followers see outstanding qualities in leaders, it is impossible for them to develop any attachment to the leaders. However, when followers are led by the type of leaders they want, high productivity levels become evident. In the discussion held by Jones and Gofee, it became evident that followers have expectations and do not follow leaders blindly. It was intriguing for me to listen to the two experts highlighting the expectation of followers from their leaders. One of the aspects that became evident is that followers need to be led by leaders who can inspire them. Notably, a leader is responsible for inspiring members of his or her team. The emergence of transformational leadership as one of the highly influential leadership theories I the 21st century has served to place emphasis on this aspect. Followers need leaders who can motivate and inspire them to bring out their best. It is possible for leaders to inspire followers if they communicate their vision to the followers. Followers need to understand a leader’s vision for the organization. If the vision is appealing and convincing, then followers are willing to make it a reality. In many cases, leaders who lack the capacity to inspire their followers face frustrations from daily reports of low productivity. Notably, experts have explored numerous theories and strategies that explain how leaders can inspire their followers. The fact that Jones and Gofee give this aspect a priority in their discussion reveals the level of importance it has (Goffee & Jones, 2000). Leaders need to exhibit a passion for the company’s goals and develop a clear vision of the organization. Leaders who can do this, make their followers feel energized. Inspiration requires leaders to initiate positive changes within the organization and the individuals as well. A leader who can inspire team members effectively is

Aam Road Safety Campaign Essay Example for Free

Aam Road Safety Campaign Essay In effort to decrease the number of road accidents during festive seasons, The National Road Safety Council (MKJR), launched its annual National Road Safety Campaign 2013 which was held on 4 February 2013 at the Terminal Bersepadu Selatan (TBS), Kuala Lumpur. In-conjunction with the Chinese New Year celebration this year, the event was implemented by the Road Safety Department (JKJR) in partnership with huge names deriving from government agencies and key players of the automotive industry. YB Dato’ Seri Kong Cho Ha, Minister of Transportation, graced the event as the Guest-of-Honour to launch the campaign in a ribbon-cutting ceremony. The launching of the event campaign was also attended by the Chairman of the Automobile Association of Malaysia (AAM), YM Tunku Datuk Mudzaffar Tunku Mustapha, Treasurer of MKJR cum committee member of AAM, En. Ahmad Ismail Bin Haji Amin together with the AAM Chief Executive Officer, Madam Melinda Ngew. See more:Â  Perseverance essay The annual campaign aims to highlight the consequences of dangerous driving by creating awareness of safe driving habits, to ultimately reduce the number of accidents and casualties on the road and develop a safe driving culture. The Automobile Association of Malaysia (AAM) also played a vital role in making this annual road safety campaign a success by promoting road safety through the sponsoring of the AAM child-seat for the flag-off ceremony. Apart from the campaign launching ceremony, participating agencies and companies were also invited to set up their own booths and conduct their road safety campaign activities and promotions. AAM also took the chance to promote road safety, through road safety services products (AAM 3-in-1 torchlight the AAM compact fire-extinguisher). As a follow-up to make success the road safety campaign, several state level road safety campaigns were also held. The National Road Safety of Kuala Lumpur (MKJR WPKL), co-joint by the Road Safety Council of Kuala Lumpur (JKJR WPKL) extended the effort by organizing the Kuala Lumpur Road Safety Campaign 2013 at the Plaza Sg. Besi Toll, which also involved government agencies and huge automotive companies. Inspections were done by the Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalanraya (JPJ) to motorcyclists, which involves license checking and replacing new helmets for motorcyclists wearing old helmets, fully-sponsored by the Road Safety Department of Kuala Lumpur (JKJR WPKL) The Automobile Association of Malaysia (AAM), also took part in the event campaign through the involvement of the committee member, En. Ahmad Ismail B. Haji Amin who also helped at giving away brand new helmets for the motorcyclists.

The advantages and disadvantages of traditional Absorption costing techniques

The advantages and disadvantages of traditional Absorption costing techniques Introduction Through the years when it comes to planning Managers has developed techniques and methods of forecasting future costs. One of such methods is Absorption costing and activity based costing (ABC) What is Absorption costing? Absorption costing is the traditional method of costing and stock evaluation, having been developed around the 1870s to 1920s is widely used by the manufacturing companies. The idea behind absorption costing to spread all overheads of the manufacturing cost centers as well as the direct cost between the finished products, and treat all non-manufacturing overhead as period costs. CIMA defined Absorption Costing as a method of costing that, in addition to direct costs, assigns all, or a proportion of, production overheads costs to cost units by means of one or more number of absorption rates. What is activity based costing? Is the modern method of cost management having been developed in 1980s. it is the preferred method for the services industry. The CIMA definition for activity based costing is an approach to the costing and monitoring of activities which involves tracing resource consumption and costing final outputs. Resources are assigned to activities, and activities to cost objects based on consumption estimates. The latter utilise cost drivers to attach activity costs to outputs. CIMA Official Terminology, 2005 (http://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/cid_tg_activity_based_costing_nov08.pdf.pdf) Analysis Why does the company need either absorption costing or ABC? Its very important for managers to have an idea of the actual  cost  of processes, departments, operations or product which is the foundation of their budget. and in order to achieve that they need to have a cost accounting system; such as absorption coting or activity based costing. Here are the advantages of having such systems and their disadvantages The advantages of Absorption Costing: It recognizes the importance of fixed costs in production; is method is accepted by Inland Revenue as  stock  is not undervalued; is method is always used to prepare  financial  accounts; When production remains constant but sales fluctuate absorption costing will show less fluctuation in net profit and The disadvantages of Absorption Costing: As absorption costing emphasized on total cost namely both variable and fixed, it is not so useful for management to use to make decision, planning and control; as the managers emphasis is on total cost, the cost volume profit relationship is ignored. The manager needs to use his intuition to make the decision. The advantages of Activity Based Costing: More accurate  costing of products/services, customers, SKUs, distribution channels. Better understanding  overhead. Easier to  understand  for everyone. Utilizes  unit cost  rather than just total cost. Integrates well with  Six Sigma  and other  continuous improvement programs. Makes visible  waste  and  non-value added activities. Supports  performance management and scorecards Enables costing of  processes, supply chains, and value streams Activity Based Costing  mirrors  way  work  is done Facilitates  benchmarking The disadvantages of activity based costing: It costs a lot to maintain it, it takes a lot of time and resources to collect, check and enter it into the system for the date needed to measure activity based costing. Is not accepted by GAAP (accepted accounting principles) therefor companies need to have a different system when preparing external reports. What are the differences between Absorption costing and ABC? There are many differences between absorption costing and activity based costing. Difference in Approach One of such differences is the way it approached. Absorption costing allocates costs to product units, whereas activity based costing traces the costs of product units. Absorption costing is the traditional cost accounting method that focuses on the product or service when fixing costs. It works under the simple approach of assigning resources to products or services directly. Activity based costing is a modern cost accounting approach that focuses on activities as the fundamental cost. ABC presumes that products or services consume activities, and activities consume resources. It thus, works to convert indirect costs into direct costs. Difference in Methodology Absorption costing divides equally the fixed overhead costs with the number of product units whereas activity based costing identifies the actual proportion of fixed overheads costs incurred by the product unit. Comparing absorption costing and activity based costing, the latter follows a more scientific approach. Price fixation in absorption costing depends on the inventory. The higher the inventory, the lower the product cost and lower the inventory; or the higher per-product cost. Price fixation in activity based costing bases calculations to derive the actual overheads incurred on a unit, and does not vary with change in inventory levels. Activity based costing, however, faces serious challenges in practical application, for appropriating some of the fixed overheads such as the chief executives salary on a per-product usage basis, is next to impossible. Moreover, process of data collection, data entry, and  data analysis required  to divide the fixed overhead costs among units based on usage, requires substantial resources and remains costly to maintain. Absorption costing that divides all fixed overhead costs with the number of units produced is a simple and easy approach and free from such complexities. Legal Validity Absorption costing complies with the  generally accepted accounting principles  (GAAP) whereas the  Financial  Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) do not accept ABC for externally published financial statements. Firms that follow activity based costing, therefore, need to maintain two cost systems and accounting books, one for internal use, and another for external reports, filings, and statutory compliance. Difference in Scope Absorption costing helps ascertain the overall profitability or efficiency of the manufacturing system but fails to provide the real cost of individual product units. Activity based costing mirrors the functioning of the  enterprise  and contributes to strategic decision-making processes. ABC provides the real cost of individual product units and, thereby, helps identify inefficient or non-profitable products that eat into the profitability of other highly profitable products. ABC also helps price products equitably, allowing breaking down of product or service into sub-components or offering top ups based on customer needs. Comparing absorption costing and activity based costing, activity based costing improves the quality of management accounting information, especially in large and multi-product operations where conventional overhead allocation methods such as absorption costing may produce misleading results. Absorption costing, however, remains more suitable for small firms and  enterprises  with homogeneous products or services. Recommendation and implementation I recommend to introduce activity based costing system as its more suitable for the public service industry.